Molgula manhattensis

(De Kay, 1843)

Description

External appearance
Solitary. Body globular to ovoid, up to 30 mm in diameter. Test grey to greenish, bearing fibrils with adhering sand, shells, etc..

Characters
Oral siphon 6-lobed; atrial siphon 4-lobed. Siphons diverging but close together at base. About 12-16 branched branchial tentacles of variable size. Branchial sac with numerous rows of curved and spirally arranged stigmata; six branchial folds on each side; longitudinal bars present. Gut left of branchial sac; stomach narrow and small, not marked off from rest of gut, bearing many diverticula forming a complex liver. One ovoid gonad on each side, consisting of a central ovoid ovary with marginal male follicles. Oviduct short and directed towards the atrial siphon (M. manhattensis morphology).

Habitat
Attached to hard substrata or loosely attached on sandy bottoms; from lower shore to depths of about 90 meters.

Distribution
From Norway to Portugal.

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